Suppose, to get first and last elements from array-
Given an array, find first and last elements of it.
Input: {4, 5, 7, 13, 25, 65, 98}
Output: First element: 4
Last element: 98
In C++, we can use sizeof operator to find number of elements in an array.
// C++ Program to print first and last element in an array #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int arr[] = { 4, 5, 7, 13, 25, 65, 98 }; int f, l, n; n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); f = arr[0]; l = arr[n - 1]; cout << "First element: " << f << endl; cout << "Last element: " << l << endl; return 0; }
Output:
First element: 4
Last element: 98
Generally we shouldn’t passed the sizeof array as parameters in function, so we only pass the array size and get from first and last elements from that array.
// C++ Program to print first and last element in an array #include <iostream> using namespace std; int printFirstLast(int arr[], int n) { int f = arr[0]; int l = arr[n - 1]; cout << "First element: " << f << endl; cout << "Last element: " << l << endl; } int main() { int arr[] = { 4, 5, 7, 13, 25, 65, 98 }; int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); printFirstLast(arr, n); return 0; }
Output:
First element: 4
Last element: 98
In case of vectors in C++, there are functions like front and back to find first and last elements.
// C++ Program to find first and last elements in vector #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; int main() { vector<int> v; v.push_back(4); v.push_back(5); v.push_back(7); v.push_back(13); v.push_back(25); v.push_back(65); v.push_back(98); cout << "v.front() is now " << v.front() << '\n'; cout << "v.back() is now " << v.back() << '\n'; return 0; }
Output:
v.front() is now 4
v.back() is now 98
We can use front and back even when vector is passed as a parameter.
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