Tuple comprehension and list comprehension are both useful features in Python for creating sequences based on expressions or conditions. However, they differ in syntax and behavior. Here are five examples showing these differences:

1. Syntax:

   • List Comprehension:

       list_comp = [x for x in range(5)]
     

   • Tuple Comprehension:

       tuple_comp = tuple(x for x in range(5))
     

2. Mutability:

   • Lists are mutable, meaning you can modify their elements after creation.

   • Tuples are immutable, meaning they cannot be modified after creation.

       # List comprehension
       list_comp = [x**2 for x in range(5)]
       list_comp[0] = 10  # Modifying the first element
     
       # Tuple comprehension
       tuple_comp = tuple(x**2 for x in range(5))
       tuple_comp[0] = 10  # This will raise an error
     

3. Return Type:

   • List comprehension returns a list.

   • Tuple comprehension returns a tuple.

       # List comprehension
       list_comp = [x for x in range(5)]
       print(type(list_comp))  # Output: <class 'list'>
     
       # Tuple comprehension
       tuple_comp = tuple(x for x in range(5))
       print(type(tuple_comp))  # Output: <class 'tuple'>
     

4. Performance:

   • List comprehensions may perform slightly better than tuple comprehensions due to the overhead of creating tuples.

   • For small sequences, the performance difference is negligible.

       import timeit
     
       # List comprehension
       list_comp_time = timeit.timeit('[x for x in range(1000)]', number=10000)
     
       # Tuple comprehension
       tuple_comp_time = timeit.timeit('tuple(x for x in range(1000))', number=10000)
     
       print("List comprehension time:", list_comp_time)
       print("Tuple comprehension time:", tuple_comp_time)
     

5. Usage:

   • Lists are commonly used when you need a mutable sequence of elements.

   • Tuples are often used for immutable sequences, such as returning multiple values from a function or as keys in dictionaries.

       # List comprehension
       list_comp = [x for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]  # Even numbers
     
       # Tuple comprehension
       tuple_comp = tuple(x for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0)  # Even numbers
     
       print("List:", list_comp)
       print("Tuple:", tuple_comp)
     

These examples highlight the syntax, mutability, return type, performance, and usage differences between tuple comprehension and list comprehension in Python.